{"id":721,"date":"2011-02-10T00:12:27","date_gmt":"2011-02-09T15:12:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=721"},"modified":"2018-04-27T18:02:15","modified_gmt":"2018-04-27T09:02:15","slug":"archer-pierrehumbert%e7%b7%a8-2011-%e5%9c%b0%e7%90%83%e6%b8%a9%e6%9a%96%e5%8c%96%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e8%ab%96%e6%96%87%e9%9b%86-the-warming-papers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=721","title":{"rendered":"Archer &amp; Pierrehumbert\u7de8 (2011) \u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u91cd\u8981\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6 \/ The Warming Papers"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>David ARCHER &#038; Raymond PIERREHUMBERT eds., 2011: <i>The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast<\/i>. Chichester, West Sussex UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 419 pp. ISBN 978-1-4051-9616-1 (pbk.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u304a\u3082\u306a\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u898b\u901a\u3057\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u304c\u767a\u9054\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u3075\u308a\u304b\u3048\u308b\u3046\u3048\u3067\u5927\u4e8b\u306a\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3002\u7de8\u8005\u306eArcher\u6c0f\u306f\u70ad\u7d20\u5faa\u74b0\u304c\u5c02\u9580\u3067<i>The Long Thaw<\/i> (2009\u5e74)<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/ja\/reading\/archer_long_thaw.html\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8]<\/a>\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8457\u66f8\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002Pierrehumbert\u6c0f\u306f\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u5c02\u9580\u3067\u6700\u8fd1<i>Principles of Planetary Climate<\/i>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6559\u79d1\u66f8<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=639\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\u3092\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u306f2\u4eba\u3067\u5206\u62c5\u3057\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3001\u524d\u534a\u304c\u304a\u3082\u306b\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5f8c\u534a\u304c\u70ad\u7d20\u5faa\u74b0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u984c\u5225\u306b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3001\u7de8\u8005\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7d39\u4ecb\u6587\u304c\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u524d\u534a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u307e\u305aFourier (1827, \u82f1\u8a9e\u8a33), Tyndall (1861), Arrhenius (1896), Plass(1956)\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u53ce\u9332\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u306f\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u3002\u6614\u306e\u4eba\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u69cb\u6210\u306f\u4eca\u3068\u9055\u3046\u306e\u3067\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u304c\u3001\u672c\u66f8\u3067\u306f\u53e4\u3044\u8ad6\u6587\u307b\u3069\u8a73\u3057\u3044\u89e3\u8aac\u304c\u3064\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u3066\u52a9\u304b\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u4eca\u306e\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u8ad6\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c2\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u6c17\u6e29\u306a\u3069\u306e\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u3069\u3046\u306a\u308b\u304b\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u3001Manabe and Wetherald (1967)\u306e\u925b\u76f41\u6b21\u5143\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068Manabe and Wetherald (1975)\u306e\u5927\u6c17\u5927\u5faa\u74b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6570\u5024\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u30011979\u5e74\u306eCharney\u3092\u5ea7\u9577\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u79d1\u5b66\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30fc\u306e\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304d\u8a71\u984c\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u5316\u306f\u3042\u3068\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305fHansen\u307b\u304b(1984)\u306e\u5927\u6c17\u5927\u5faa\u74b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7dcf\u5408\u5831\u544a\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306f\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u53e4\u5178\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u30011980\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u771f\u934b\u3055\u3093\u3068\u540c\u3058Princeton\u306eGFDL\u3067\u50cd\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305fPierrehumbert\u3055\u3093\u3068\u771f\u934b\u3055\u3093\u306e\u6559\u3048\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u308f\u305f\u3057\u3068\u3067\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u666e\u904d\u7684\u3067\u306a\u3044\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u300c\u771f\u934b\u6d41\u300d\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3088\u304f\u6574\u7406\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u3075\u3048\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306e\u5730\u4e0a\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u969b\u306b\u3001Plass\u3092\u542b\u3080\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u3001\u4e0a\u7a7a\u306e\u6c17\u6e29\u3092\u56fa\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u3066\u5730\u8868\u9762\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u53ce\u652f\u3060\u3051\u3092\u8003\u3048\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u305f(\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3067\u306f\u300cThe Surface Budget Fallacy\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3068\u308a\u3042\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b)\u3002CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u304c\u3075\u3048\u308b\u3068\u5b87\u5b99\u306b\u51fa\u3066\u884c\u304f\u8d64\u5916\u7dda\u306e\u6e90\u306e\u9ad8\u3055\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5730\u7403\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u53ce\u652f\u304c\u3064\u308a\u3042\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6c17\u6e29\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3001\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3002(\u672c\u66f8\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070) Arrhenius (1896)\u306f\u3059\u3067\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u304b\u305f\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u3058\u3085\u3046\u3076\u3093\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306aH<sub>2<\/sub>O\u3068CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u306e\u653e\u5c04\u5438\u53ce\u30fb\u5c04\u51fa\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u6700\u521d\u306b\u793a\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304c\u771f\u934b\u3055\u3093\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5f8c(\u4e00\u90e8\u306f2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c)\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3082\u53ce\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7de8\u8005\u304c\u4eca\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ad6\u6587\u3060\u3068\u8003\u3048\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3084\u77e5\u8b58\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3046\u3048\u3067\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u4eca\u5f8c\u3082\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5b9f\u306e\u6c17\u6e29\u304c\u4e0a\u6607\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a71\u984c\u306fJones\u307b\u304b(1986)\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u6c17\u6e29\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u89e3\u6790\u306f\u3053\u308c\u4ee5\u524d\u304b\u3089\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6e29\u5ba4\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u306e\u8a71\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3093\u3067\u304f\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u3067\u306f\u70ad\u7d20\u5faa\u74b0\u306e\u90e8\u306e\u307b\u3046\u306b\u53ce\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308bCallendar (1938)\u306e\u5148\u99c6\u7684(\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7121\u9244\u7832\u306a)\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u5225\u683c\u3068\u3059\u308c\u3070\u30011980\u5e74\u4ee3\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3088\u3044\u306e\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u5370\u7248\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u7248\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u306a\u304a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u6614\u306e\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u306e\u304a\u3082\u304b\u3052\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u6587\u5b57\u304c\u8aad\u307f\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3088\u3044\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3069\u3053\u308d\u81ea\u52d5\u6587\u5b57\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u306e\u5931\u6557\u3092\u4eba\u304c\u4fee\u6b63\u3057\u304d\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u601d\u308f\u308c\u308b\u8aa4\u690d\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306eCallendar (1938)\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u306f\u592a\u5b57\u306e\u898b\u51fa\u3057\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3064\u3082\u8aa4\u690d\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5f8c\u534a\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u307e\u3060\u3088\u304f\u898b\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3088\u3044\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3002[2011-02-26\u88dc\u8db3: \u6c17\u304c\u3064\u3044\u305f\u8aa4\u690d\u3092\u3053\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u6298\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306e\u5148\u306b\u3042\u3052\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002]<\/p>\n<p>\u3010[2011-02-22 \u8ffd\u8a18, 2018-04-27 \u6539\u8a02\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u5148\u66f4\u65b0] \u3053\u3053\u306b\u53ce\u9332\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u5168\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u591a\u304f\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5408\u8846\u56fd\u306e\u516c\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3089\u3057\u3044National Science Digital Library (NSDL)\u306e Primary Articles Learning Environment (PALE) \u306e <em>Classic Articles in Context<\/em> http:\/\/nsdl.library.cornell.edu\/websites\/wiki\/index.php\/PALE-ClassicArticles.html \u306e\u7b2c1\u53f7\u8a18\u4e8b <a href=\"http:\/\/nsdl.library.cornell.edu\/websites\/wiki\/index.php\/PALE_ClassicArticles\/GlobalWarming.html\">[Climate Change and Anthropogenic Greenhouse Warming: A Selection of Key Articles, 1824-1995, with Interpretive Essays]<\/a>\u306b\u3082\u7d39\u4ecb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30022008\u5e74\u306b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u5bb6James Rodger Fleming\u6c0f\u304c\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u767a\u9054\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8ad6\u6587\u306ePDF\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306f\u5f71\u5370\u7248\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001<a href=\"http:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20090209142458\/http:\/\/expertvoices.nsdl.org\/imprint\/2008\/03\/17\/climate-change-and-anthropogenic-greenhouse-warming\/\">\u3053\u306eblog\u30da\u30fc\u30b8<\/a>\u306f2008\u5e74\u5f53\u6642\u306eNSDL\u306e\u62c5\u5f53\u8005\u304c\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001Spencer Weart\u6c0f\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u3010[2015-05-27 \u8ffd\u8a18, 2018-04-27 \u6539\u8a02] \u4e0a\u306b\u8ffd\u8a18\u3057\u305fNSDL \u306f\u3001\u304b\u3064\u3066 nsdl.org \u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002(2018-04-27 \u73fe\u5728\u3001\u305d\u306eURL\u304b\u3089\u306f nsdl.oercommons.org \u306b\u8ee2\u9001\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002) 2011\u5e742\u6708\u304b\u30892015\u5e745\u6708\u306e\u3042\u3044\u3060\u306e\u3044\u3064\u304b\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u80b2\u5411\u3051\u6559\u6750\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u8ad6\u6587\u7d39\u4ecb\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002web.archive.org \u306b\u306f2009\u5e74\u306b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089\u8ad6\u6587\u306ePDF\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3078\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u306f\u5207\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e nsdl.library.cornell.edu \u306b\u79fb\u3063\u3066\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3001\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f2018\u5e744\u6708\u306b\u6c17\u3065\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u306a\u304a\u3001\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306f\u5225\u306e\u5834\u3067\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070<em>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences<\/em>\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u6c17\u8c61\u5b66\u4f1a\u306e\u96d1\u8a8c\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u3001\u3042\u308b\u5e74(\u4f55\u5e74\u304b\u672a\u78ba\u8a8d)\u3088\u308a\u53e4\u3044\u3082\u306e\u306fjournal.ametsoc.org \u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Manabe\u6c0f\u3092\u542b\u3080NOAA GFDL\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306fhttp:\/\/gfdl.noaa.gov\/bibliography\/ \u304b\u3089\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Fourier\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u8a33\u306f\u3001Pierrehumbert\u6c0f\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3088\u308a\u3082\u304a\u304a\u3056\u3063\u3071\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001William Connolley\u6c0f\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304chttp:\/\/www.wmconnolley.org.uk\/sci\/fourier_1827\/ \u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u6298\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306e\u5148\u3067\u76ee\u6b21\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\u539f\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u5f62\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002[2011-02-26\u88dc\u8db3: \u3055\u3089\u306b\u305d\u306e\u5148\u306b\u6c17\u3065\u3044\u305f\u8aa4\u690d\u3092\u3042\u3052\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002]<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n<strong>Part 1. Climate Physics:1<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>1. The Greeenhouse Effect:3<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, 1827: On the temperatures of the terrestrial sphere and interplanetary space. (M&eacute;moire sur les tem&eacute;ratures du globe terrestre et des espaces plan&eacute;taires.) <em>M&eacute;moires de l&#8217;Acad&eacute;mie Royale des Sciences<\/em> <strong>7<\/strong>:569-604. [Translated from French by R.T. Pierrehumbert]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>2. Wagging the Dog:21<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>John Tyndall, 1861: On the absorption and radiation of heat by gases and vapours, and on the physical connextion of radiation, absorption, and conduction. <em>Philosophical Magazine<\/em>, Series 4, <strong>22<\/strong>:169-194,273-285.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>3. By the Light of the Silvery Moon:45<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Svante Arrhenius, 1896: On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground. <em>The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science<\/em>, Series 5, Vol. <strong>41<\/strong>, No. 251, 39 pages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>4. Radiative Transfer:78<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gilbert N. Plass, 1956: The influence of the 15 \u03bc carbon-dioxide band on the atmospheric infra-red cooling rate. <em>Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society<\/em>, <strong>82<\/strong>:310-324.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>5. The Balance of Energy:92<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Syukuro Manabe and Richard T. Wetherald, 1967:\u3000Thermal equilibrium of atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity. <em>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences<\/em>, <strong>24<\/strong>:241-258.<\/li>\n<li>M.I. Budyko, 1969: The effect of solar radiation variations on the climate of the Earth. <em>Tellus<\/em>, <strong>21<\/strong>:611-619.<\/li>\n<li>William D. Sellers, 1969: A global climatic model based on the energy balance of the earth-atmosphere system. <em>Journal of Applied Meteorology<\/em>, <strong>8<\/strong>:392-400.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>6. The Birth of the General Curculation Climate Model:136<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Syukuro Manabe and Richard T. Wetherald, 1975: The effects of doubling the CO<sub>2<\/sub> concentration on the climate of a general circulation model. <em>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences<\/em>, <strong>32<\/strong>:3-15.<\/li>\n<li>J. Hansen, A. Lacis, D. Rind, G. Russell, P. Stone, I. Fung, R. Ruedy and J. Lerner, 1984: Climate sensitivity: analysis of feedback mechanisms. In: <em>Climate Processes and Climate Sensitivity<\/em>, AGU Geophysical Monograph <strong>29<\/strong>, Maurice Ewing Volume <strong>5<\/strong> (J.E. Hansen and T. Takahashi eds.), 130-163.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>7. Aerosols:191<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>J.F.B. Mitchell, T.C. Johns, J.M. Gregory and S.F.B. Tett, 1995: Climate response to increasing levels of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>376<\/strong>:501-504.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>8. Ocean Heat Uptake and Committed Warming:198<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>James Hansen, Larissa Nazarenko, Reto Ruedy, Makiko Sato, Josh Willis, Anthony Del Genio, Dorothy Koch, Andrew Lacis, Ken Lo, Surabi Menon, Tica Novakov, Judith Perlwitz, Gary Russell, Gavin A. Schmidt, Nicholas Tausnev, 2005: Earth&#8217;s energy imbalance: Confirmation and implications. <em>Science<\/em>, <strong>308<\/strong>:1431-1435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>9. Taking Earth&#8217;s Temperature:206<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P.D. Jones, T.M.L. Wigley and P.B. Wright, 1986: Global temperature variations between 1861 and 1984. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>322<\/strong>:430-434.<\/li>\n<li>Qiang Fu, Celeste M. Johanson, Stephen G. Warren and Dian J. Seidel, 2004: Contribution of stratospheric cooling to satellite-inferred tropospheric temperature trends. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>429<\/strong>:55-58.<\/li>\n<li>Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, 1999: Northern hemisphere temperatures during the past millennium: inferences, uncertainties and limitations. <em>Geophysical Research Letters<\/em>, <strong>26<\/strong>:759-762.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>10. Ice Sheets and Sea Level:236<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H. Jay Zwally, Waleed Abdalati, Tom Herring, Kristine Larson, Jack Saba and Konrad Steffen, 2002: Surface melt-induced acceleration of Greenland ice-sheet flow. <em>Science<\/em>, <strong>297<\/strong>:218-222.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>11. The Public Statement:234<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>J.S. Sawyer, 1972: Man-made carbon dioxide and the &#8220;greenhouse&#8221; effect. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>239<\/strong>:23-26.<\/li>\n<li>Jule G. Charney, Akio Arakawa, D. James Baker, Bert Bolin, Robert E. Dickinson, Richard M. Goody, Cecil E. Lieth, Henry M. Stommel and Carl I. Wunsch, 1979: <em>Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Scientific Assessment<\/em>. National Academy of Sciences.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Part 2. The Carbon Cycle:257<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>12. The Sky is Rising!:259<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G.S. Callendar, 1938: The artificial production of carbon dioxide and its influence on temperature. <em>Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society<\/em>, <strong>64<\/strong>:223-240.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>13. Denial and Acceptance:274<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Roger Revelle and Hans E. Suess, 1957: Carbon dioxide exchange between atmosphere and ocean and the question of an increase of atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub> during the past decades. <em>Tellus<\/em>, <strong>9<\/strong>:18-27.<\/li>\n<li>Bert Bolin and Erik Eriksson, 1958: Distribution of matter in the sea and atmosphere: Changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere and sea due to fossil fuel combustion. In: <em>The Atmosphere and the Sea in Motion: Scientific Contribution to the Rossby Memorial Volume<\/em> (B. Bolin ed.), The Rockfeller University Press. 130-142.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>14. Bookends:298<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Charles D. Keeling, 1960: The concentration and isotopic abundances of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. <em>Tellus<\/em>, <strong>12<\/strong>:200-203.<\/li>\n<li>Charles D. Keeling, 1970: Is carbon dioxide from fossil fuel changing man&#8217;s environment? <em>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society<\/em>, <strong>114<\/strong>:10-17.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>15. One If by Land:313<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bert Bolin, 1977: Changes of land biota and their importance for the carbon cycle. <em>Science<\/em>, <strong>196<\/strong>:613-615.<\/li>\n<li>Peter P. Tans, Inez Y, Fung and Taro Takahashi, 1990: Observational constraint on the global atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub> budget. <em>Science<\/em>, <strong>247<\/strong>:1431-1438.<\/li>\n<li>Peter M. Cox, Richard A. Betts, Chris D. Jones, Steven A. Spall and Ian J. Totterdell, 2000: Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>408<\/strong>:184-187. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>16. Two If by Sea:337<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>W.S. Broecker and T. Takahashi, 1978: Neutralization of fossil fuel CO<sub>2<\/sub> by marine calcium carbonate. In: <em>The Fate of Fossil Fuel CO<sub>2<\/sub> in the Oceans<\/em> (N.R. Andersen and A. Malahoff eds.), New York: Plenum Press, 214-248.<\/li>\n<li>James C.G. Walker and James F. Kasting, 1992: Effects of fuel and forest conservation on future levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide. <em>Global and Planetary Change<\/em>, <strong>5<\/strong>:151-189.<\/li>\n<li>J.P. Kennett and L.D. Stott, 1991: Abrupt deep-sea warming, palaeoceanographic changes and benthic extinctions at the end of the Palaeocene. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>353<\/strong>:319-322.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>17. On Ocean pH:393<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ken Caldeira and Michael E. Wickett, 2003: Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>435<\/strong>:365.<\/li>\n<li>Ulf Riebesell, Ingrid Zondervan, Bj&ouml;rn Rost, Philippe D. Tortell, Richard E. Zeebe and Fran&ccedil;ois M.M. Morel, 2000: Reduced calcification of marine plankton in response to increased atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub>. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>407<\/strong>:364-367.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>18. Tiny Bubbles:402<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A. Neftel, E. Moor, H. Oeschger and B. Stauffer, 1985: Evidence from polar ice cores for the increase in atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub> in the past two centuries. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>315<\/strong>:45-47.<\/li>\n<li>J.M. Barnola, D. Raynaud, Y.S. Korotkevich and C. Lorius, 1987: Vostok ice core provides 160,000-year record of atmospheric CO<sub>2<\/sub>. <em>Nature<\/em>, <strong>329<\/strong>:408-414.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\n<b>\u6c17\u3065\u3044\u305f\u8aa4\u690d<\/b><br \/>\n== Chapter 1. The Greenhouse Effect ==<br \/>\n## Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, 1827 ##<br \/>\n*  p. 7 (footnote)  Fourier, J.-B. F. -> Fourier, J.-B. J.<br \/>\n== Chapter 3. By the Light of the Silvery Moon ==<br \/>\n## Svante Arrhenius, 1896 ##<br \/>\n* p. 68, Equation (4)<br \/>\nT<sup>4<\/sup> = K \/ (1 + \u03bd (1 &#8211; \u03b2) ) , &#8230; (4)<br \/>\n\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3060\u3068\u3001\u3059\u3050\u4e0a\u306e\u5f0f\u304a\u3088\u3073(3)\u5f0f\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u539f\u8ad6\u6587(Robert Rodhe\u6c0f\u304c\u516c\u958b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308bPDF\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc)\u306e261\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b c \u304c\u306f\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3002<br \/>\nT<sup>4<\/sup> = K \/ (1 + c \u03bd (1 &#8211; \u03b2) ) , &#8230; (4)<br \/>\n\u3053\u306e\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u300cRealClimate\u300d\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/archives\/2011\/01\/friday-round-up-4\/\">\u3053\u306e\u672c\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u542b\u3080\u8a18\u4e8b(2011\u5e741\u670828\u65e5)<\/a>\u3078\u306eBret Burns \u6c0f\u306e2001\u5e742\u670812\u65e5\u306e\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<br \/>\n== Chapter 5. The Balance of Energy ==<br \/>\n## M.I. Budyko, 1969 ##<br \/>\n* p. 116 (footnote) Tellus 611-619 -> Tellus 21:611-619<br \/>\n== Chapter 12. The Sky is Rising! ==<br \/>\n## Introduction ##<br \/>\n* p. 259, 3rd paragraph, near end<br \/>\nSuiss -> Suess<br \/>\n* p. 260, last paragraph<br \/>\nJohn Callendar -> Guy Callendar<br \/>\n## G.S. Callendar, 1938 ##<br \/>\n* p. 261, Heading of section 1<br \/>\n  ATMOSPHKRIC -> ATMOSPHERIC<br \/>\n* p. 262, Heading of section 2<br \/>\n  INURA-RED -> INFRA-RED<br \/>\n* p. 264 (left) text line 6<br \/>\n  Hettncr -> Hettner<br \/>\n* p. 270, in Fig. 5, with &#8220;Funchal&#8221;<br \/>\n  Madeisa -> Madeira<br \/>\n* p. 272 (left)<br \/>\n  Mr. L. II. G. DINKS -> (probably) Mr. L. H. G. DINES<br \/>\n  (cf. &#8220;In reply to Mr. Dines,&#8221; in p. 272 (right))<br \/>\n* p. 273 (bottom right), References<br \/>\n  Radcliffc Observatory -> Radcliffe Observatory<br \/>\n  (cf. &#8220;Radcliffe Observatory&#8221; in p. 273 (top left))<br \/>\n== Chapter 14. Bookends ==<br \/>\n## Introduction ##<br \/>\n* p. 298 Moana Loa, Moanna Loa -> Mauna Loa<br \/>\n== Chapter 16. Two If by Sea ==<br \/>\n## J.P. Kennett and L.D. Stott, 1991 ##<br \/>\n* p. 385 Palaeoscene -> Palaeocene<br \/>\n== Chapter 18. Tiny Bubbles ==<br \/>\n## Introduction ##<br \/>\n* p. 402 Moana Loa -> Mauna Loa<br \/>\n===== \u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067 =====<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>David ARCHER &#038; Raymond PIERREHUMBERT eds., 2011: The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Cl [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dokusyo-memo-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/721","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=721"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/721\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7890,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/721\/revisions\/7890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=721"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=721"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=721"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}