{"id":4558,"date":"2014-11-14T09:42:38","date_gmt":"2014-11-14T00:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=4558"},"modified":"2021-08-14T23:10:31","modified_gmt":"2021-08-14T14:10:31","slug":"james-rodger-fleming-1998-historical-perspectives-on-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=4558","title":{"rendered":"James Rodger Fleming (1998) Historical Perspectives on Climate Change"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>James Rodger Fleming, 1998: <em>Historical Perspectives on Climate Change<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press. 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\/>\n\u3010\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u52b4\u50cd\u80fd\u7387\u306e\u6c17\u5019\u6761\u4ef6\u4f9d\u5b58\u6027\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6c17\u5019\u6761\u4ef6\u304b\u3089\u307f\u305f\u7523\u696d\u7acb\u5730\u306e\u9069\u4e0d\u9069\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3046\u305d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u30bf\u30d6\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u306f\u307e\u305a\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u8af8\u6587\u5316\u306e\u9593\u306e\u516c\u6b63\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3042\u3089\u305f\u3081\u3066\u3001\u307e\u3058\u3081\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3011<br \/>\n\u306a\u304a\u3001Huntington\u306f\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5\u3092\u7121\u8996\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u4e3b\u984c\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8457\u66f8\u3055\u3048\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5909\u52d5\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3082\u306b\u592a\u967d(\u9ed2\u70b9)\u5909\u52d5\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c2\u4e3b\u984c(\u7b2c5-7,9-10\u7ae0)\u306f\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u306e\u767a\u9054\u3060\u3002Weart (2003) <a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/ja\/reading\/weart2003.html\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8]<\/a>\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306b\u51fa\u305f\u672c\u3060\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u300cArrhenius\u304c\u6e29\u5ba4\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u305f\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u304a\u304a\u3056\u3063\u3071\u306a\u8aac\u304c\u3088\u304f\u3068\u306a\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3089\u3057\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3078\u306e\u6279\u5224\u304c\u3084\u3084\u76ee\u3060\u3064\u3002\u304a\u304a\u305c\u3044\u306e\u4eba\u306e\u8ca2\u732e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u3060\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001Arrhenius\u304c\u5f97\u305f\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u6c17\u6e29\u5dee\u304c\u306e\u3061\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001Fleming\u306f\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068\u300c\u5076\u7136\u3060\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u4fa1\u306b\u884c\u304d\u904e\u304e\u305f\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6c17\u3082\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f53\u6642\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5206\u5149\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306f\u4e8c\u9178\u5316\u70ad\u7d20\u306e15\u03bcm\u5438\u53ce\u5e2f\u304c\u8a8d\u8b58\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u8d64\u5916\u6ce2\u9577\u5e2f\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5438\u53ce\u3092Tyndall\u305d\u306e\u307b\u304b\u5f53\u6642\u307e\u3067\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u304a\u3055\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306f\u6210\u529f\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3010[2021-08-14 \u88dc\u8db3] Arrhenius (1896) \u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u306e\u8457\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066Langley, Paschen, &Aring;ngstr&ouml;m \u306e\u540d\u307e\u3048\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002Paschen \u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u9577\u8c37 \u5927\u4ecb (2012) \u300e<em>\u71b1\u8f3b\u5c04\u5b9f\u9a13\u3068\u91cf\u5b50\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u8a95\u751f<\/em>\u300f(\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a) (<a href=\"https:\/\/macroscope.hatenablog.com\/entry\/20120428\/1335601823\">[\u5225\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0 2012-04-28\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b]<\/a>\u53c2\u7167) \u3067\u3082\u91cd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>Weart\u306e\u672c\u3088\u308a\u3082\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u8a73\u3057\u3044\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5730\u8cea\u5b66\u8005 Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin (1843 &#8212; 1928)\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066(7\u7ae0)\u3060\u3002Arrhenius\u304c\u5927\u6c17\u3060\u3051\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u305f\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001Chamberlin\u306f\u5927\u6c17\u3001\u5ca9\u77f3\u3001\u6d77\u306e\u9593\u306e\u70ad\u7d20\u5faa\u74b0\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u305f(\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3053\u306e\u5faa\u74b0\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u706b\u5c71\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f)\u3002\u3010[2021-08-14 \u88dc\u8db3] Chamberlin \u306e\u540d\u307e\u3048\u306f\u771f\u934b\u3055\u3093\u306e\u8b1b\u7fa9\u306e\u5e8f\u8ad6\u3067\u3082\u805e\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002Weart \u306e\u672c\u3067\u8efd\u8996\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001Weart \u304c\u5730\u7403\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u653e\u5c04\u4f1d\u9054\u3068\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4fdd\u5b58\u5247\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u304f\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u306b\u3057\u307c\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c10\u7ae0\u3067\u30011950-70\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u793e\u4f1a\u3067\u306f\u5730\u7403\u5bd2\u51b7\u5316\u306e\u898b\u901a\u3057\u304c\u591a\u304f\u8a9e\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306e\u3064\u3044\u3067\u306b\u3001\u5c11\u3057\u3060\u3051\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u7684\u6c17\u5019\u6539\u5909\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6c17\u5019\u5236\u5fa1(control)\u306e\u8a71\u984c\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4ef6\u306f\u8457\u8005\u304c\u306e\u30612010\u5e74\u306b\u51fa\u3057\u305f<em>Fixing the Sky<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=1848\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\u3084\u305d\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u7248\u300e<em>\u6c17\u8c61\u3092\u64cd\u4f5c\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u9858\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u6b74\u53f2<\/em>\u300f<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=2664\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\u3092\u898b\u305f\u307b\u3046\u304c\u3088\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<br \/>\n\u305f\u3060(\u4eca\u56de\u305f\u307e\u305f\u307e\u308f\u305f\u3057\u304cvon Neumann\u306e\u6c17\u5019\u5236\u5fa1\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8003\u3048\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3067\u6c17\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c)\u3001\u672c\u66f8\u3067von Neumann\u306f\u30011955\u5e74\u306e&#8221;Can we survive technology?&#8221; \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a55\u8ad6\u3067\u3001\u6c17\u5019\u5236\u5fa1\u306f\u3001\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u5730\u7406\u533a\u5206\u3084\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3068\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306b\u5bfe\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u6587\u660e\u306b\u5371\u967a\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u6280\u8853\u3060\u3001\u3068\u8b66\u544a\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u3068\u3057\u3066(\u3060\u3051)\u73fe\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3010\u5225\u306e\u672c\u3067\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u3001von Neumann\u304c\u6c17\u5019\u4e88\u6e2c\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3057\u305f\u969b\u306b\u672a\u6765\u306e\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6c17\u5019\u5236\u5fa1\u3092\u3082\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a71\u3082\u307b\u3093\u3068\u3046\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3046\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u63a8\u9032\u304b\u3089\u8b66\u6212\u306b\u8003\u3048\u304c\u5909\u308f\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5371\u967a\u3092\u8a8d\u8b58\u3057\u3066\u3082\u306a\u304a\u63a8\u9032\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3060\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3082\u3063\u3068\u8abf\u3079\u3066\u307f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u6298\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u306e\u3042\u3068\u306b\u8a73\u3057\u3044\u76ee\u6b21\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nPreface<br \/>\nAcknowledgments<br \/>\nContents<br \/>\nIntroduction: Apprehending Climate Change<br \/>\n &#8211; Awareness and Understanding<br \/>\n &#8211; Anticipation and Dread<br \/>\n &#8211; Intervention and Control<br \/>\n &#8211; Structure and Purpose<br \/>\n1. Climate and Culture in Enlightenment Thought<br \/>\n &#8211; Abb&eacute; Du Bos<br \/>\n &#8211; Montesquieu<br \/>\n &#8211; Hume<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n2. The Great Climate Debate in Colonial and Early America<br \/>\n &#8211; Dissonance<br \/>\n &#8211; Disdain<br \/>\n &#8211; Patriotism<br \/>\n &#8211; Moisture and Phlogiston<br \/>\n &#8211; Intervention<br \/>\n &#8211; Health<br \/>\n &#8211; Contrarians<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n3. Privileged Positions &#8211; The Expansion of Observing Systems<br \/>\n &#8211; National Systems<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Italy<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; England<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; France<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Germany<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Russia<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; United States<br \/>\n &#8211; International Cooperation<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n4. Climte Discourse Transformed<br \/>\n &#8211; Noah Webster<br \/>\n &#8211; Samuel Forry and the Army Medical Department<br \/>\n &#8211; Pioneer Climatologists<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n5. Joseph Fourier&#8217;s Theory of Terrestrial Temperatures<br \/>\n &#8211; Contemporary Fourier Citations: Patterns and Problems<br \/>\n &#8211; Nineteenth-century Citation Patterns<br \/>\n &#8211; What Fourier Actually Wrote in 1824<br \/>\n &#8211; Earlier Comments by Fourier on Greenhouses<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n6. John Tyndall, Svante Arrhenius, and Early Research on Carbon Dioxide and Climate<br \/>\n &#8211; Tyndall<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Experiments on Radiant Heat<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Meteorological and Climatological Implications<br \/>\n &#8211; Arrhenius<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Cosmic Physics and Carbon Dioxide<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; H&ouml;gbom and the Geological Consequences of CO2<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Worlds in the Making<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n7. T.C. Chamberlin and the Geological Agency of the Atmosphere<br \/>\n &#8211; A Biographical Sketch<br \/>\n &#8211; Working Methods in Geology<br \/>\n &#8211; Chamberlin&#8217;s Carbon Cycle<br \/>\n &#8211; Water Vapor Feedbacks<br \/>\n &#8211; Regrets over the CO2 Theory<br \/>\n &#8211; Speculative Cosmogony<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n8. The Climatic Determinism of Ellsworth Huntington<br \/>\n &#8211; The First Three Decades<br \/>\n &#8211; A Failed Academic<br \/>\n &#8211; A Prolific and Prolix Writer<br \/>\n &#8211; Meteorological Taylorism<br \/>\n &#8211; Climatic Energy Zones<br \/>\n &#8211; Causes of Climatic Change<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n9. Global Warming? The Early Twentieth Century<br \/>\n &#8211; A Plethora of Speculative Theories<br \/>\n &#8211; Doubts about CO2<br \/>\n &#8211; G.S. Callendar and Anthropogenic CO2<br \/>\n &#8211; The Public Agenda on Warming<br \/>\n &#8211; Gilbert Plass<br \/>\n &#8211; Roger Revelle<br \/>\n &#8211; Carbon Dioxide Exchange between Atmosphere and Ocean<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\n10. Global Cooling, Global Warming &#8211; Historical Dimensions<br \/>\n &#8211; New Privileged Positions<br \/>\n &#8211; Global Cooling and Global Warming<br \/>\n &#8211; Conclusion<br \/>\nNotes<br \/>\nBibliography<br \/>\n &#8211; Archival and Manuscript Collections<br \/>\n &#8211; Reference Works and Bibliographics (in chronological order)<br \/>\n &#8211; Primary Sources<br \/>\n &#8211; Secondary Sources<br \/>\nIndex<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>James Rodger Fleming, 1998: Historical Perspectives on Climate Change. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dokusyo-memo-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4558"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10643,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4558\/revisions\/10643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}