{"id":12939,"date":"2025-10-25T20:27:39","date_gmt":"2025-10-25T11:27:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=12939"},"modified":"2025-10-28T18:03:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:03:29","slug":"%e8%ab%ab%e6%97%a9-%e5%ba%b8%e4%b8%80-2025-%e3%83%a6%e3%83%bc%e3%83%a9%e3%82%b7%e3%82%a2%e5%8f%b2%e3%81%ae%e3%81%aa%e3%81%8b%e3%81%ae%e3%83%a2%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b4%e3%83%ab%e5%b8%9d%e5%9b%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=12939","title":{"rendered":"\u8aeb\u65e9 \u5eb8\u4e00 (2025) \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306e\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>\u8aeb\u65e9 \u5eb8\u4e00 [\u3044\u3055\u306f\u3084 \u3088\u3046\u3044\u3061], 2025: <em>\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306e\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd<\/em>\u3002\u307f\u3059\u305a\u66f8\u623f, 379+67 pp. ISBN 978-4-622-09568-2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2025\u5e7410\u6708\u306b\u3067\u305f\u56db\u516d\u5224 \u7e26\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u300210\u670810\u65e5\u767a\u58f2\u3068\u805e\u3044\u3066\u300115\u65e5\u306b\u66f8\u5e97\u306b\u884c\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c (\u305d\u306e\u5e97\u306b\u306f) \u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u300115\u65e5\u306b\u901a\u4fe1\u8ca9\u58f2\u3067\u6ce8\u6587\u3057\u300119\u65e5\u306b\u624b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u3060\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306b\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u76ee\u6b21\u3092\u66f8\u304d\u306c\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u3081\u304f\u3063\u3066\u307f\u305f\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2\u3092\u3060\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u4ee3\u306b\u306a\u308b\u307e\u3048\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u306f\u897f\u6d0b\u53f2\u3068\u6771\u6d0b\u53f2\u306b\u308f\u3051\u3066\u3068\u3089\u3048\u3089\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3060\u304c\u300113-14\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u306f\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u307e\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u308c\u3092\u3057\u3063\u304b\u308a\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u672c\u304c\u306a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u8457\u8005\u304b\u3089\u3088\u3073\u304b\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4f1a\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a (\u4e2d\u585a\u6b66\u3055\u3093\u306e\u5730\u7403\u7814\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8 (\u4e2d\u585a \u300e<em>\u6c17\u5019\u9069\u5fdc\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u53f2<\/em>\u300f\u53c2\u7167) \u304b\u3089\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3046)\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3092\u307f\u308f\u305f\u3059\u8457\u8005\u306e\u5c55\u671b\u306b\u306f\u671f\u5f85\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30012023\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u8fd1\u520a\u4e88\u544a\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u672c\u306e\u51fa\u7248\u3092\u5f85\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u3060\u3044\u3076\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u82e5\u624b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u306b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u5927\u304d\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u8cbb\u304c\u3068\u308c\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u7d44\u7e54\u3068\u6240\u5c5e\u7d44\u7e54\u3092\u3075\u304f\u3080\u7d44\u7e54\u904b\u55b6\u306b\u591a\u5fd9\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b? \u3042\u3068\u304c\u304d\u3092\u307f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306b\u304f\u308f\u3057\u3044\u4eba\u306b\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3089\u3057\u3044\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u8457\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u304c\u3064\u304b\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f (\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4f1a\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308b) \u300c14\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a19\u8a9e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u614b\u5ea6\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306b\u6642\u9593\u304c\u304b\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3082\u601d\u3046\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u66f8\u304c\u4e16\u306b\u3067\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u672c\u306b\u3057\u3066\u306f\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u306b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u65ac\u65b0\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5370\u8c61\u3092\u3082\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3092\u8907\u6570\u898b\u304b\u3051\u305f\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u3001\u8457\u8005\u304c\u4e2d\u585a\u3055\u3093\u3068\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3092\u304b\u3055\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u77e5\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u304a\u3069\u308d\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u5968\u52b1\u3057\u305f\u3044\u614b\u5ea6\u3060\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u308f\u305f\u3057\u304b\u3089\u307f\u308b\u3068\u3001\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u56f3\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u306b\u306f\u3069\u3053\u306e\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3081\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u56f3\u3092\u3064\u304f\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u306f\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3069\u306e\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u3072\u308d\u304c\u308a\u306e\u4f55\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u8aac\u660e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3060\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u304c\u672c\u66f8\u3092\u3088\u304f\u8aad\u3080\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u51fa\u5178\u6587\u732e\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3044\u3064\u8aad\u3081\u308b\u304b\u307e\u3060\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u8aad\u3080\u3079\u304d\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3044\u308c\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u56f30-3, \u56f35-7 \u306f Campbell (2016) <em>The Great Transition<\/em> \u304b\u3089\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u306f Cambell \u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u306f\u304b\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3057\u3082\u8cdb\u540c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u6c17\u5019\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u306f\u4fe1\u983c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3060\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u305d\u306e\u51fa\u5178\u306b\u3055\u304b\u306e\u307c\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u3092\u611f\u3058\u308b\u3002\u3068\u308a\u3042\u3048\u305a <em>The Great Transition<\/em> \u306e\u82f1\u8a9e\u96fb\u5b50\u672c\u3092\u8cb7\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56f33-2, 3-3, 4-2, 4-4, 6-3 \u306f\u3001\u5e74\u8f2a\u5e45\u304b\u3089\u6c17\u5019\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b Di Cosmo \u3084 B&uuml;ntgen \u305f\u3061\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8ad6\u6587 (Di Cosmo et al. 2017, 2018, 2021; Pederson et al. 2014; B&uuml;ntgen &#038; Di Cosmo 2016) \u304b\u3089\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3068\u308a\u3042\u3048\u305a Pederson \u307b\u304b \u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u305f\u3002\u9806\u6b21\u3042\u3064\u3081\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3060\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56f38-3 \u306f\u3001\u7aaa\u7530 \u9806\u5e73 \u3055\u3093\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5730\u7403\u7814\u300c\u30a4\u30ea \u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u300d\u306e\u6210\u679c\u672c (\u5948\u826f\u9593 \u7de8 2012) \u306e\u9060\u85e4 \u90a6\u5f66 \u3055\u3093\u3092\u7b46\u982d\u8457\u8005\u3068\u3059\u308b\u7ae0\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u305d\u306e\u672c\u30922013\u5e74\u306b\u8cb7\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u307e\u3060\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u7ae0\u3060\u3066\u306f\u3064\u304e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n[\u5e8f\u8ad6\u90e8]<br \/>\n &#8211; \u5e8f\u7ae0 \u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30fb\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3068\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u5e1d\u56fd\u3092\u8a9e\u308b\u53f2\u6599 &#8212; \u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u3068\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n\u7b2c1\u90e8 \u6b74\u53f2\u7bc7<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u30c1\u30f3\u30ae\u30b9\u30fb\u30cf\u30f3\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u7d99\u8005\u305f\u3061<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c6\u7ae0 \u30a4\u30e9\u30f3\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c7\u7ae0 \u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c8\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n\u7b2c2\u90e8 \u53f2\u6599\u7bc7<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c9\u7ae0 \u897f\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u773c [\u30a2\u30eb\u30e1\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e\u53f2\u6599, \u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u53f2\u6599]<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c10\u7ae0 \u6539\u5b97 &#8212; \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u5834\u5408<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c11\u7ae0 \u5929\u6587\u5b66 &#8212; \u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u300c\u5929\u6587\u5bfe\u8a71\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c12\u7ae0 \u30e9\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c3=\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u30de\u30eb\u30b3\u30fb\u30dd\u30fc\u30ed &#8212; \u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u898b\u305f\u4e2d\u56fd<br \/>\n\u7b2c3\u90e8 \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u7bc7<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c13\u7ae0 \u30d1\u30af\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30ea\u30ab &#8212; \u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u3059\u308b\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; \u7b2c14\u7ae0 \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u30fb\u30d1\u30f3\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af<br \/>\n\u7d42\u7ae0 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u7d42\u7109 &#8212; \u3008\u5947\u5999\u306a\u4e26\u884c\u3009<\/p>\n<p>\u5e8f\u7ae0\u7b2c2\u7bc0\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u6642\u671f\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u306f\u3001 \u30df\u30cf\u30eb\u30fb\u30d3\u30e9\u30f3 Michal Biran \u306b\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3044\u30011206-1367\u5e74\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c1\u7ae0\u7b2c1\u7bc0\u3002\u8457\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u300d\u3088\u308a\u3082 global history \u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u3002\u8457\u8005\u304c\u3081\u3056\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3082 global history \u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u540d\u3067\u3088\u3070\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u6b74\u53f2\u89b3\u306b\u5168\u9762\u8cdb\u540c\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u300c\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u300d\u8ad6\u306f \u7fbd\u7530 \u6b63\u300e<em>\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u3078<\/em>\u300f\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u3060\u3002\u3042\u3068\u304c\u304d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8457\u8005\u306e\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u306e\u6307\u5c0e\u6559\u54e1\u306f\u7fbd\u7530\u6c0f\u306a\u306e\u3060\u3002\u5f1f\u5b50\u304c\u3044\u3064\u3082\u6307\u5c0e\u8005\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u89b3\u3092\u3072\u304d\u3064\u3050\u3068\u306f\u304b\u304e\u3089\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3070\u3042\u3044\u306f\u305d\u3046\u306a\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c2\u7ae0\u3002\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u53f2\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u6587\u732e\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u306e\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3010\u672c\u66f8\u3067\u300c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3092\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u81ea\u5206\u304c\u3059\u3067\u306b\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3070\u3092\u3064\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3059\u5bfe\u8c61\u306f\u540c\u3058\u306e\u3064\u3082\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3011 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(\u5f93\u6765\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u3044\u3046\u300c\u30a4\u30eb\u6c57\u56fd\u300d)\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 (\u300c\u30ad\u30d7\u30c1\u30e3\u30af\u6c57\u56fd\u300d) \u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u672c\u66f8\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u614b\u5ea6\u306f\u56fd\u3054\u3068\u306b\u3061\u304c\u3046\u3002\u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u7b2c6\u7ae0\u306f\u5e74\u4ee3\u8a18\u578b\u3060\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c2\u90e8\u3002\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3092\u897f\u304b\u3089\u307f\u308b\u8996\u70b9\u3067\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u3042\u3064\u304b\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u7b2c11\u7ae0\u306f\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u3060\u3002\u8457\u8005\u306e\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587 (2015\u5e74) \u306e\u984c\u6750\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e 2020\u5e74\u306b\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f\u5185\u5bb9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3067\u6771\u3068\u897f\u306e\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u306f\u51fa\u4f1a\u3063\u305f\u304c\u878d\u5408\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u3002\u30d0\u30b0\u30c0\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u5bfe\u8a71\u304c\u304a\u3053\u306a\u308f\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u3053\u306b\u6765\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u306e\u5b66\u8005\u306b\u306f\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u304c\u3068\u307c\u3057\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u306e\u6c11\u9593\u306e\u975e\u516c\u5f0f\u306e\u66a6\u306e\u77e5\u8b58\u304c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30e3\u8a9e\u306e\u5929\u6587\u4fbf\u89a7\u306b\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u66a6\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u66f8\u304d\u3053\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u897f\u5074\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u30d7\u30c8\u30ec\u30de\u30a4\u30aa\u30b9\u306e\u4f53\u7cfb\u306b\u306f\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u3042\u305f\u3048\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002(\u306a\u304a\u3001\u672c\u66f811\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u30d7\u30c8\u30ec\u30de\u30a4\u30aa\u30b9\u306e\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u306f\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6ce8\u3067\u300e<em>\u30e6\u30ea\u30a4\u30ab<\/em>\u300f (\u8aeb\u65e9, 2023) \u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u8a98\u5c0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002)<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c3\u90e8\u3002\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u6771\u897f\u304c (\u305d\u306e\u307e\u3048\u3088\u308a\u3064\u3088\u304f) \u3064\u306a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u305f\u3057\u304b\u3060\u304c\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b?<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c13\u7ae0\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u306f\u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8fd1\u4ee3\u306e\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u300c\u7d71\u5408\u300d\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u306f\u3057\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5c71\u304b\u3063\u3053\u304c\u3064\u304b\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u672c\u66f8\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u306a\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u8457\u8005\u304c\u66a6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3044\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3061\u304c\u3063\u305f\u6587\u5316\u4f1d\u7d71\u306e\u66a6\u3092\u3064\u304d\u3042\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3070\u3042\u3044\u306b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u62e1\u5927\u9069\u7528\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5404\u6587\u5316\u4f1d\u7d71\u306e\u7523\u7269\u3092\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u6e29\u5b58\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u306a\u3093\u3068\u304b\u3044\u3063\u3057\u3087\u306b\u3042\u3064\u304b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306a\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3046\u3002\u3008\u79fb\u52d5\u3009\u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009\u3008\u5947\u5999\u306a\u4e26\u884c\u3009\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3046\u304c\u3001\u306a\u3093\u3089\u304b\u306e\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3065\u3051\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002(\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u307e\u3060\u304f\u308f\u3057\u304f\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u308f\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u307f\u3059\u305a\u66f8\u623f\u306f\u3001\u308f\u305f\u3057\u304c\u7ffb\u8a33\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3063\u305f\u30ef\u30fc\u30c8\u300e<em>\u6e29\u6696\u5316\u306e\u3008\u767a\u898b\u3009\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b<\/em>\u300f <a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/ja\/reading\/weart2003.html\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8]<\/a> \u306e\u984c\u540d\u3067\u3082\u5c71\u304b\u3063\u3053\u3092\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5c71\u304b\u3063\u3053\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044\u3068\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f\u304a\u3082\u3046\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5c71\u7530 \u5968\u6cbb\u300e<em>\u3008\u6d77\u8cca\u7248\u3009\u306e\u601d\u60f3<\/em>\u300f<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/ja\/reading\/yamada_copyright.html\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8]<\/a> \u306e\u3070\u3042\u3044\u306f\u300c\u4ed6\u8005\u304b\u3089\u6d77\u8cca\u7248\u3068\u3088\u3070\u308c\u305f\u304c\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u306f\u6b63\u5f53\u3060\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306a\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308a\u5f15\u7528\u7b26\u306f\u7701\u7565\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3011<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c14\u7ae0\u3067\u306f\u30da\u30b9\u30c8 (\u9ed2\u6b7b\u75c5) \u306e\u4f1d\u64ad\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30da\u30b9\u30c8\u83cc\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b66\u306e\u6210\u679c\u3092\u5f15\u7528\u3057\u3066\u8ad6\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002(\u6750\u6599\u306f\u9032\u884c\u4e2d\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u77e5\u898b\u306f\u307e\u305f\u304b\u308f\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304a\u3082\u3046\u3002)<\/p>\n<p>\u7d42\u7ae0\u306e\u7b2c1\u7bc0\u3067\u3001\u300c14\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3092\u518d\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u3067\u306f14\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u9ed2\u6b7b\u75c5\u304c\u6642\u4ee3\u753b\u671f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u57df\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a \u3075\u3057\u3081 \u306f\u3080\u3057\u308d1270-80\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u6c17\u5019\u5909\u52d5 (\u30d0\u30b0\u30c0\u30fc\u30c9\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3067\u306e\u5bd2\u51b7\u306a\u6642\u671f\u3092\u3075\u304f\u3080\u304c\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308d\u5909\u52d5\u304c\u306f\u3052\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7279\u5fb4) \u3060\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3053\u306e\u6642\u671f\u3067\u3082\u5168\u57df\u3067\u74b0\u5883\u304c\u60aa\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3059\u304f\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u30d0\u30eb\u30cf\u30b7\u6e56\u5468\u8fba\u3067\u306f\u6e29\u6696\u6e7f\u6f64\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6587\u732e<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u56f3\u66f8<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7fbd\u7530 \u6b63 [\u306f\u306d\u3060 \u307e\u3055\u3057], 2011: \u300e<em>\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u3078<\/em>\u300f (\u5ca9\u6ce2\u65b0\u66f8)\u3002\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97\u3002<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=6916\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\n<li>\u4e2d\u585a \u6b66, 2022: \u300e<em>\u6c17\u5019\u9069\u5fdc\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u53f2<\/em>\u300f\u3002\u5409\u5ddd\u5f18\u6587\u9928\u3002<a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=10826\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\n<li>\u5948\u826f\u9593 \u5343\u4e4b \u7de8, 2012: \u300e<em>\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u52d5\u3068\u4eba\u9593<\/em>\u300f (\u4e2d\u592e\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u74b0\u5883\u53f2 <strong>1<\/strong>)\u3002\u81e8\u5ddd\u66f8\u5e97\u3002\n<li>Bruce M. S. <strong>Campbell<\/strong>, 2016: <em>The Great Transition: Climate, Disease and Society in the Late-Medieval World<\/em>. Cambridge Univ. Press. <a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=12955\">[\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2 (2025-10-26)]<\/a>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u8ad6\u6587<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8aeb\u65e9 \u5eb8\u4e00, 2023: \u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30fc\u30e0\u7d4c\u7531\u30b3\u30da\u30eb\u30cb\u30af\u30b9\u884c\u304d &#8212; \u30e6\u30c0\u30e4\u6559\u5f92\u304c\u3064\u306a\u3050\u540c\u5fc3\u7403\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u306e\u9053\u3002\u300e<em>\u30e6\u30ea\u30a4\u30ab<\/em>\u300f 2023\u5e741\u6708\u53f7 (\u7279\u96c6: \u30b3\u30da\u30eb\u30cb\u30af\u30b9), 224-232. <a href=\"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=12239\">[\u3053\u306e\u96d1\u8a8c\u306e\u53f7\u306e\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2]<\/a>\n<li>B&uuml;ntgen &#038; Di Como 2016: <em>Scientific Reports<\/em> <strong>6<\/strong>. Article number 25606.<\/li>\n<li>Di Cosmo, Oppenheimer &#038; B&uuml;ntgen, 2017: <em>Climatic Change<\/em> <strong>145<\/strong>: 383-95.<\/li>\n<li>Di Cosmo et al. 2018: <em>J. Interdisciplinary History<\/em> <strong>48<\/strong>\/4: 444.<\/li>\n<li>Di Cosmo, Wagner &#038; B&uuml;ntgen, 2021: <em>Erdkunde<\/em> <strong>75<\/strong>\/2: 93.<\/li>\n<li>Pederson, Hessl, Baatarbileg, Anchukaitis, Di Cosmo 2014: <em>PNAS<\/em> <strong>111<\/strong>\/12:4377.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6298\u308a\u304b\u3048\u3057\u306e\u3042\u3068\u306b\u76ee\u6b21\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n===== \u76ee\u6b21 =====<br \/>\n\u76ee\u6b21<br \/>\n\u5e8f\u7ae0 \u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3068\u65e5\u672c<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u306e\u4ea4\u5dee\u70b9<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3068\u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u300c\u8907\u773c\u306e\u601d\u8003\u300d<br \/>\n\u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30fb\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3068\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30fb\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b &#8212; \u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u4e16\u754c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u8ad6 &#8212; \u4e16\u754c\u53f2\u3068\u30b0\u30ed\u30fc\u30d0\u30eb\u30fb\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3050\u3082\u306e<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30e9\u30fc\u30b9\u30c6\u30a4\u30f3\u300c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u30dd\u30e1\u30e9\u30f3\u30c4\u300c\u5927\u5206\u5c90\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-3 \u300c13\u4e16\u7d00\u4e16\u754c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u300d\u304b\u3089\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u3078<br \/>\n\u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u5e1d\u56fd\u3092\u8a9e\u308b\u53f2\u6599 &#8212; \u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u3068\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u5e1d\u56fd\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u307e\u3067\u306e\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u53f2\u6982\u89b3<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u300c\u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u6587\u5316\u570f\u300d<br \/>\n== \u7b2c1\u90e8 \u6b74\u53f2\u7bc7 ==<br \/>\n\u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u4e2d\u592e\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u306e\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u3068\u793e\u4f1a<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u4ee5\u524d\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2<br \/>\n\u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u30c1\u30f3\u30ae\u30b9\u30fb\u30cf\u30f3\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u7d99\u8005\u305f\u3061<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u7d71\u4e00\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u5206\u88c2<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u30aa\u30b4\u30c7\u30a4\u306e\u6b7b\u3068\u4e8c\u982d\u4f53\u5236\u306e\u6210\u7acb<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u5bb6\u3068\u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u5bb6\u306e\u6297\u4e89<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-3 \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u306e\u897f\u65b9\u9060\u5f81\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5f8c<br \/>\n\u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u4e2d\u8208\u306e\u7956\u30af\u30d3\u30e9\u30a4 &#8212; \u3008\u79fb\u52d5\u3009\u306e\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 1-1 \u3008\u79fb\u52d5\u3009\u306e\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u5275\u751f &#8212; \u83ef\u5317\u3068\u6c5f\u5357\u3092\u3064\u306a\u3050<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 1-2 \u30af\u30d3\u30e9\u30a4\u30fb\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3068\u5357\u6d0b\u9032\u51fa<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 1-3 \u300c\u6700\u521d\u306e\u9280\u306e\u4e16\u7d00\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30af\u30d3\u30e9\u30a4\u4ee5\u5f8c<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009\u306e\u5909\u5316<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u6cf0\u5b9a\u306e\u6ce5\u6cbc (1324&#8211;30\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-3 \u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u30a8\u30f3\u30da\u30e9\u30fc<br \/>\n\u7b2c6\u7ae0 \u30a4\u30e9\u30f3\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30a4\u30e9\u30f3\u306e\u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009\u3068\u90fd\u5e02<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u6210\u7acb<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u541b\u4e3b\u305f\u3061\u306e\u3008\u79fb\u52d5\u3009<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-1 \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1256&#8211;65\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-2 \u30a2\u30d0\u30ab\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1265&#8211;82\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-3 \u30a2\u30d5\u30de\u30c9\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1282&#8211;84\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-4 \u30a2\u30eb\u30b0\u30f3\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1284&#8211;91\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-5 \u30ac\u30a4\u30cf\u30c8\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1292&#8211;95\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-6 \u30ac\u30b6\u30f3\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1295&#8211;1304\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-7 \u30aa\u30eb\u30b8\u30a7\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1304&#8211;16\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u843d\u65e5<br \/>\n\u7b2c7\u7ae0 \u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30ad\u30a8\u30d5\u3068\u30e2\u30b9\u30af\u30ef\u306e\u3042\u3044\u3060 &#8212; \u5927\u6cb3\u306e\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u6771\u897f\u5357\u5317<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u5317\u65b9 &#8212; \u9593\u63a5\u7d71\u6cbb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30b7\u652f\u914d<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u5357\u65b9 &#8212; \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u306e\u6297\u4e89<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-3 \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u6771\u65b9 &#8212; \u30e2\u30f3\u30b1\u30fb\u30c6\u30e0\u30eb\u3068\u30aa\u30eb\u30c0\u5bb6<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-4 \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u897f\u65b9 &#8212; \u30ce\u30ac\u30a4\u306e\u53f0\u982d\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5931\u589c<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u8349\u539f\u306e\u9053<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u5206\u89e3<br \/>\n\u7b2c8\u7ae0 \u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u306e\u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009 &#8212; \u8349\u539f\u3068\u30aa\u30a2\u30b7\u30b9<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30c1\u30e3\u30ac\u30bf\u30a4\u5bb6\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u7d71\u6cbb (1220\u5e74\u4ee3&#8211;1260\u5e74\u4ee3)<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30ab\u30a4\u30c9\u306e\u6642\u4ee3 (1271&#8211;1301\u5e74)<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u30c1\u30e3\u30ac\u30bf\u30a4\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u5fa9\u6d3b (1301&#8211;47\u5e74)<br \/>\n== \u7b2c2\u90e8 \u53f2\u6599\u7bc7 ==<br \/>\n\u7b2c9\u7ae0 \u897f\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u773c<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30a2\u30eb\u30e1\u30cb\u30a2\u8a9e\u53f2\u6599<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u30b0\u30ea\u30b4\u30eb\u30fb\u30a2\u30af\u30cd\u30eb\u30c4\u30a3 \u300e\u9a0e\u5c04\u306e\u6c11\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u300f<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u30ad\u30e9\u30b3\u30b9\u30fb\u30ac\u30f3\u30b6\u30b1\u30c4\u30a3 \u300e\u30a2\u30eb\u30e1\u30cb\u30a2\u4eba\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u300f<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u53f2\u6599<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-1 \u30a4\u30a9\u30cf\u30f3\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30c7\u30fb\u30d7\u30e9\u30ce\u30fb\u30ab\u30eb\u30d3\u30cb \u300e\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u4eba\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u300f<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-2 \u30a4\u30f3\u30ce\u30b1\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a6\u30b94\u4e16\u5b9b \u30b0\u30e6\u30af\u8fd4\u66f8<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b<br \/>\n\u7b2c10\u7ae0 \u6539\u5b97 &#8212; \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3068\u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u5834\u5408<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u30a2\u30d5\u30de\u30c9\u30fb\u30c6\u30af\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6539\u5b97<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30d5\u30ec\u30b0\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u30ac\u30b6\u30f3\u306e\u6539\u5b97<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30b8\u30e7\u30c1\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u30b1\u306e\u6539\u5b97<br \/>\n &#8211; \u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b &#8212; \u6539\u5b97\u8b5a\u304c\u8a9e\u308b\u3053\u3068<br \/>\n\u7b2c11\u7ae0 \u5929\u6587\u5b66 &#8212; \u3082\u3046\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u300c\u5929\u6587\u5bfe\u8a71\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30da\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u53f2\u6599\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u300c\u30ad\u30bf\u30a4\u306e\u8ce2\u4eba\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u6f22\u6587\u53f2\u6599\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u300c\u5085\u5b5f\u8cea\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u30e0\u30b9\u30ea\u30e0\u306e\u535a\u5b66\u8005\u3068\u30ad\u30bf\u30a4\u306e\u8ce2\u4eba &#8212; \u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u5929\u6587\u5bfe\u8a71<br \/>\n &#8211; 5. \u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b<br \/>\n\u7b2c12\u7ae0 \u30e9\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c3=\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u30de\u30eb\u30b3\u30fb\u30dd\u30fc\u30ed &#8212; \u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u898b\u305f\u4e2d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 1-1 \u30e9\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c3=\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u300e\u96c6\u53f2\u300f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 1-2 \u30de\u30eb\u30b3\u30fb\u30dd\u30fc\u30ed\u3068\u300e\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u8a18\u300f<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u300e\u96c6\u53f2\u300f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u3068\u300e\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u8a18\u300f &#8212; \u305d\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u70b9<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30e9\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a2\u30c3=\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u30de\u30eb\u30b3\u30fb\u30dd\u30fc\u30ed &#8212; \u305d\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u70b9<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u304a\u308f\u308a\u306b<br \/>\n== \u7b2c3\u90e8 \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u7bc7 ==<br \/>\n\u7b2c13\u7ae0 \u30d1\u30af\u30b9\u30fb\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30ea\u30ab &#8212; \u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u3059\u308b\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b &#8212; \u300c\u5e73\u548c\u300d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u3068\u73fe\u5b9f<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u307e\u305a\u306f\u9053\u3092\u3064\u304f\u308b<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-1 \u4ea4\u6613\u54c1<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-2 \u4ea4\u6613\u8def<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 2-3 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u30cf\u30f3\u305f\u3061\u3068\u5546\u696d\u6d3b\u52d5\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u4eba\u30fb\u7269\u30fb\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u3059\u308b<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-1 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u5e1d\u56fd = \u300c\u7d71\u5408\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 3-2 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd == \u3008\u63db\u7b97\u3009\u3059\u308b\u5e1d\u56fd<br \/>\n\u7b2c14\u7ae0 \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u30fb\u30d1\u30f3\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b &#8212; \u300c\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u4ea4\u63db\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u725b\u75ab\u306e\u30d1\u30f3\u30c7\u30df\u30c3\u30af<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u30da\u30b9\u30c8\u83cc (Yersinia pestis)<br \/>\n &#8211; 4. \u9ed2\u6b7b\u75c5\u62e1\u6563\u300c13\u4e16\u7d00\u8aac\u300d<br \/>\n &#8211; 5. \u9ed2\u6b7b\u75c5\u62e1\u6563\u300c14\u4e16\u7d00\u8aac\u300d<br \/>\n\u7d42\u7ae0 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u7d42\u7109 &#8212; \u3008\u5947\u5999\u306a\u4e26\u884c\u3009<br \/>\n &#8211; 1. \u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3092\u6b62\u3081\u305f\u3008\u74b0\u5883\u3009 &#8212; 14\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u306b\u4ee3\u3048\u3066<br \/>\n &#8211; 2. \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u5d29\u58ca\u8ad6 &#8212; \u30cf\u30f3\u4f4d\u7d99\u627f\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u4e0d\u5168<br \/>\n &#8211; 3. \u3008\u79fb\u52d5\u3009\u306e\u5e1d\u56fd\u306e\u6311\u6226 &#8212; \u3008\u5947\u5999\u306a\u4e26\u884c\u3009<br \/>\n\u3042\u3068\u304c\u304d<br \/>\n\u56f3\u7248\u51fa\u5178\u4e00\u89a7<br \/>\n\u6ce8<br \/>\n\u7d22\u5f15<br \/>\n &#8211; \u4eba\u540d<br \/>\n &#8211; \u5730\u540d<br \/>\n &#8211; \u4e8b\u9805<br \/>\n===== \u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067 =====<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8aeb\u65e9 \u5eb8\u4e00 [\u3044\u3055\u306f\u3084 \u3088\u3046\u3044\u3061], 2025: \u30e6\u30fc\u30e9\u30b7\u30a2\u53f2\u306e\u306a\u304b\u306e\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u307f\u3059\u305a\u66f8\u623f, 379+67 pp. ISBN 978-4-622-09568-2. 2025\u5e7410\u6708\u306b\u3067\u305f\u56db\u516d\u5224 \u7e26\u66f8\u304d\u306e\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30ab\u30d0\u30fc\u3002 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dokusyo-memo-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12939"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12964,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12939\/revisions\/12964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}