{"id":10835,"date":"2022-05-15T12:42:08","date_gmt":"2022-05-15T03:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=10835"},"modified":"2022-05-15T12:42:08","modified_gmt":"2022-05-15T03:42:08","slug":"kevin-e-trenberth-2022-the-changing-flow-of-energy-through-the-climate-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/?p=10835","title":{"rendered":"Kevin E. Trenberth (2022) The Changing Flow of Energy Through the Climate System"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>Kevin E. <strong>Trenberth<\/strong>, 2022: <em>The Changing Flow of Energy Through the Climate System<\/em>. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-83886-3 (hardback), -97246-8 (paperback), 97903-0 (epub).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2022\u5e74\u306e\u65b0\u520a\u3002\u308f\u305f\u3057\u306f 2022\u5e745\u67083\u65e5\u3001\u30c7\u30a3\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u51fa\u7248\u306e\u65b0\u520a\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u51fa\u7248\u3092\u77e5\u308a\u3001\u3059\u3050\u30c7\u30a3\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u672c\u3067\u8cb7\u3063\u305f\u3002\u7d19\u306e\u672c\u3067\u3069\u3093\u306a\u5f62\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306f\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u3060\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u8aad\u66f8\u30e1\u30e2\u304c\u3067\u304d\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u3072\u3068\u307e\u305a (\u6298\u308a\u304b\u3048\u3057\u306e\u3042\u3068\u306b) \u304f\u308f\u3057\u3044\u76ee\u6b21\u3092\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002<br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\n== \u76ee\u6b21 ==<br \/>\nContents<br \/>\nForeword \/by Al Gore<br \/>\nPreface<br \/>\nAcknowledgments<br \/>\n1. Earth and Climate System<br \/>\n &#8211; 1.1 The Climate System and a New Approach<br \/>\n &#8211; 1.2 Approaches to Climate Change<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 1.1: Units of Energy and Heat<br \/>\n2. Earth&#8217;s Energy Imbalance and Climate Change<br \/>\n &#8211; 2.1 Climate Change<br \/>\n &#8211; 2.2 Carbon Dioxide<br \/>\n &#8211; 2.3 Global Mean Surface Temperature<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 2.1: Temperature Scales<br \/>\n &#8211; 2.4 Earth&#8217;s Energy Imbalance<br \/>\n3. Earth&#8217;s Energy Balance<br \/>\n &#8211; 3.1 Global Energy Flows<br \/>\n &#8211; 3.2 The Greenhouse Effect<br \/>\n &#8211; 3.3 Effects of Clouds and Aerosols<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 3.1: Simple Energy Balance Model of Earth<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 3.2: How Does a Greenhouse Effect Work?<br \/>\n &#8211; 3.4 Local Energy Balance<br \/>\n4. The Sun-Earth System<br \/>\n &#8211; 4.1 The Sun<br \/>\n &#8211; 4.2 Earth&#8217;s Orbit<br \/>\n &#8211; 4.3 Earth&#8217;s Changing Orbit around the Sun<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 4.1: Radiation<br \/>\n5. Observations of Temperature Moisture, Precipitation, and Radiation<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.1 State Variables<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.2 Earth&#8217;s Temperatures<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.3 Links between Precipitation and Temperatures: Humidity<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.4 Earth&#8217;s Precipitation<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.5 How Often Does It Rain?<br \/>\n &#8211; 5.6 Earth&#8217;s Radiation<br \/>\n6. The Climate System<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.1 Atmosphere<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 6.1.1 Composition and Structure<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 6.1.2 Greenhouse Gases<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 6.1.3 Aerosols<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; Sidebar 6.1: Hydrostatic Approximation<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.2 Oceans<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.3 Land<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.4 Ice<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.5 The Role of Heat Storage<br \/>\n &#8211; 6.6 Atmospheric-Ocean Interactions: El Ni&ntilde;o<br \/>\nFlows of Energy<br \/>\n7. The Weather Machine<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.1 The Atmosphere and Weather<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.2 Energy in the Atmosphere<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.3 Convection<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.4 Diurnal Cycle<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.5 Tornadoes<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.6 The Hadley Circulation<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.7 Winds and the Jet Streams<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 7.1: The Coriolis Force and Geostrophic Balance<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 7.2: Winds and the Jet Stream<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.8 The Tropical Regions<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.9 Tropical Storms<br \/>\n &#8211; 7.10 Extratropical Cyclones and Anticyclones<br \/>\n8. The Dynamic Ocean<br \/>\n &#8211; 8.1 Ocean Heat Content<br \/>\n &#8211; 8.2 Ocean Currents<br \/>\n &#8211; 8.3 Overturning Currents<br \/>\n &#8211; 8.4 Surface Energy Exchanges<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 8.1: Atmospheric and Ocean Energy and Moisture Budgets<br \/>\n &#8211; 8.5 Oceans and Climate Change<br \/>\n9. Poleward Heat Transport by the Atmosphere and Ocean<br \/>\n &#8211; 9.1 Poleward Energy Transports<br \/>\n &#8211; 9.2 Atmospheric Meridional Energy Transports<br \/>\n &#8211; 9.3 Ocean Meridional Heat Transports<br \/>\n &#8211; 9.4 Ocean Poleward Heat Transport Variability<br \/>\n &#8211; 9.5 Interhemispheric Flows of Energy<br \/>\n10. The Changing Hydrological Cycle<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.1 The Global Water Cycle<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 10.1: E-folding Time or Distance<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.2 The Surface Freshwater Flux<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.3 Climate Model Performance<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.4 The Changing Water Cycle<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.5 Extremes of Rain and Floods<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.6 Droughts and Wildfires<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.7 Changes in Tropical Storms<br \/>\n &#8211; 10.8 Water, Climate, and Society<br \/>\n11. Teleconnections and Patterns of Variability<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.1 Weather Regimes<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.2 Teleconnections<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 11.1: Indices of Natural Variability Patterns of the Climate<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.3 Annular Modes<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.4 SAM<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.5 NAO<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.6 PNA<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.7 PDO and NPI<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.8 AMO<br \/>\n &#8211; 11.9 IOD<br \/>\n12. El Ni&ntilde;o<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.1 ENSo and the Mean Pacific Climate<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.2 THe Southern Oscillation<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.3 El Ni&ntilde;o Events<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.4 ENSO and Hurricanes<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.5 Movement of Heat and Energy with ENSO<br \/>\n &#8211; 12.6 Impacts<br \/>\n13. Feedbacks and Climate Sensitivity<br \/>\n &#8211; 13.1 Amplifying Factors of Climate<br \/>\n &#8211; 13.2 Feedbacks<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.1 Planck Radiation Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.2 Ice-Albedo Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.3 Water Vapor Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.4 Cloud Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.5 Soil Moisture Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; &#8211; 13.2.6 Bjerknes Feedback<br \/>\n &#8211; 13.3 Climate Sensitivity Defined<br \/>\n &#8211; 13.4 Determining Climate Sensitivity<br \/>\n &#8211; 13.5 Estimates of Climate Sensitivity<br \/>\n14. Earth&#8217;s Energy Imbalance Estimates<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.1 Inventory of Increasing Energy post-2000<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.2 How to Measure EEI<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 14.1: Time Filters<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 14.1: Heat Units<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.3 TOA Radiation<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.4 Atmosphere<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.5 Ocean Heat Content (OHC)<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.6 Ice<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.7 Land<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.8 Variability of EEI<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.9 Total EEI Inventory<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.10 Sea-Level Rise<br \/>\n &#8211; 14.11 The Way Forward<br \/>\n15. Attribution and the Hiatus<br \/>\n &#8211; 15.1 Attribution of Warming<br \/>\n &#8211; 15.2 Attribution of Climate Events<br \/>\n &#8211; 15.3 Storylines<br \/>\n &#8211; 15.4 The Hiatus<br \/>\n16. Prediction and Projection<br \/>\n &#8211; 16.1 Using Models<br \/>\n &#8211; 16.2 Climate Projections<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 16.1: Models<br \/>\n &#8211; Sidebar 16.1: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 16.2: Integrated Assessment Models<br \/>\n &#8211; 16.3 Emissions Scenarios and Future Pathways<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 16.3: SRES Storylines for Emissions Scenarios<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 16.4: SSP Storylines for Emissions Scenarios<br \/>\n17. Emissions and Information<br \/>\n &#8211; 17.1 Carbon Emissions<br \/>\n &#8211; 17.2 Adaptation and Mitigation<br \/>\n &#8211; 17.3 Geoengineering<br \/>\n &#8211; 17.4 Climate Information<br \/>\n &#8211; 17.5 What Is a Climate Information System?<br \/>\n18. Climate Change and Environmental Issues<br \/>\n &#8211; 18.1 Politics of Climate Change<br \/>\n &#8211; 18.2 Winners and Losers<br \/>\n &#8211; 18.3 Values<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 18.1: Yogi Bera<br \/>\n &#8211; 18.4 Spaceship Earth<br \/>\n &#8211; Box 18.2: Al Gore<br \/>\nGlossary<br \/>\nAcronyms<br \/>\nBibliography<br \/>\nIndex<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kevin E. Trenberth, 2022: The Changing Flow of Energy Through the Climate System. Cambridge UK: Cambridge Univ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dokusyo-memo-"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10836,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10835\/revisions\/10836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/macroscope.world.coocan.jp\/yukukawa\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}