Fig. 4.2-4

Calculated values of daily mean insolation at the `top of the atmophere' at solstices (solid line for the summer solstice of the northern hemisphere, Orbital parameters and the way to derive insolation are based on studies by Berger (1977), (1978).

dashed line for the winter solstice) at several latitudes which are relevant to insolation. for the recent past 400 thousand years and future 100 thousand years. The unit of the horizontal axis is thousand years. Negative values on the axis refers to the past, positive to the future. Ths unit of the vertical axis is W / m².

Updated 2011-01-29