Cited from Kayane (1973, 1989) and simplified. The value of ice is based on the compilation of Shumskiy et al. (1964).
Kind | Liquid water equivalent volume (km3) | |
---|---|---|
Salty water | ocean | 1 349 929 000 |
salty lakes | 94 000 | |
Fresh water | ice | 24 230 000 |
fresh water lakes | 125 000 | |
rivers | 1 200 | |
soil moisture | 25 000 | |
groudwater | 10 100 000 | |
Water in atmosphere | water vapor | 12 600 |
Water in biosphere | animals | 600 |
plants | 600 |
Cited from Untersteiner (1984). Some zeroes as insignificant digits are added in order to align the position of decimal point.
Kind | Area (103 km2) | Volume (103 km3) | time scale (years) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Land ice | Glaciers and ice sheets | Antarctic ice sheet | 14 000 | 28 000 | 103 - 105 |
Greenland ice sheet | 1 800 | 2 700 | |||
Mountain glaciers | 350 | 240 | 101 - 103 | ||
Permafrost | continuous | 8 000 | 200 - 500 | 103 - 105 | |
discontinuous | 17 000 | ||||
Seasonal snow (average max.) | Eurasia | 30 000 | 2 - 3 | 10-2 - 100 | |
America | 17 000 | ||||
Sea ice | Southern Ocean | max. | 20 000 | 30 | 10-2 - 100 |
min. | 2 500 | 5 | |||
Arctic | max. | 15 000 | 50 | ||
min. | 8 000 | 20 |