What kind of system is the "climate system"?

From thermodynamics
(Approximately) no exchange of matter with the surroundings
Substantial exchange of energy with the surroundings
Non-equilibrium (i.e. entropy is produced), quasi-stationary system
From cycling of matter and energy
Quasi-stationary flow of matter and energy
Exchange of matter and energy between subsystems
From control theory
Feedbacks between subsystems
Feedbacks may maintain a quasi-steady state, but they may break it
Relationship with ecosystems
Intedependency between subsystems seems to exist
Ecosystems themselves are part of the climate system
Relationship with "complex system" theory
"Climate system" has a character of so-called "chaos"
"Climate system" has a larger degree of freedom than typical "chaos"