Meridional transport of energy by atmosphere, annual mean


Dec. 1978 -- Nov. 1979 ("M88"=Masuda, 1988, Tellus 40A, 285-302; redrawn)
Temperate zone: transient component is dominant.
Both dry energy and water vapor are transported polewards
Tropics: mean meridional circulation is dominant.
Water vapor is transported equatorwards and dry energy polewards.